{"id":36134,"date":"2022-06-23T12:09:13","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T10:09:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/2022\/06\/23\/el-concepto-economico-tipos-de-interes\/"},"modified":"2025-06-06T09:55:48","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T07:55:48","slug":"el-concepte-economic-tipus-dinteres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/2022\/06\/23\/el-concepte-economic-tipus-dinteres\/","title":{"rendered":"El concepte econ\u00f2mic: Tipus d\u2019inter\u00e8s"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><strong>FRANCISCO J. TATO JIM\u00c9NEZ<\/strong><strong>.\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Deg\u00e0-president del Col\u00b7legi Professional d\u2019Economistes de Sevilla.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<p>El concepte de tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s \u00e9s definit comunament per la comunitat econ\u00f2mica com \u201cel preu dels diners\u201d. D&#8217;aquesta manera, el tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s o preu dels diners ser\u00e0 m\u00e9s gran o m\u00e9s petit en funci\u00f3 del risc que assumeixi el \u201cvenedor\u201d en cada operaci\u00f3. \u00c9s a dir, com m\u00e9s gran sigui el risc de l&#8217;operaci\u00f3 en q\u00fcesti\u00f3, m\u00e9s gran ser\u00e0 la prima de risc que s&#8217;hi aplicar\u00e0 i, per tant, m\u00e9s gran el tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s que s\u2019hi associ\u00ef.<\/p>\n<p>El tipus d\u2019inter\u00e8s pot ser concebut o interpretat des de dues \u00f2ptiques ben diferenciades. D&#8217;una banda, com el preu al qual una persona o entitat obtindr\u00e0 finan\u00e7ament i, de l&#8217;altra, com el preu o rendibilitat m\u00ednima al qual una persona o entitat estaria disposada a prestar el seu capital a un tercer, valorant-se en ambd\u00f3s casos, per prestador i prestatari el risc de l\u2019operaci\u00f3 per fixar el preu de la transacci\u00f3 entre ambdues parts.<\/p>\n<p>En aquest sentit, els tipus d\u2019inter\u00e8s tenen una gran influ\u00e8ncia sobre l\u2019activitat econ\u00f2mica d\u2019un pa\u00eds o regi\u00f3. En un entorn de tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s alts, el preu elevat dels diners dificulta l&#8217;acc\u00e9s al finan\u00e7ament, i aix\u00f2 suposa un fre al creixement econ\u00f2mic; per contra, un entorn de tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s baixos com el viscut en els darrers anys \u2014amb tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s fins i tot negatius\u2014, afavoreix el desenvolupament econ\u00f2mic en general, encara que sectors com el financer es vegin afectats negativament per la reducci\u00f3 de marges que aix\u00f2 comporta.<\/p>\n<p>A causa de la import\u00e0ncia que els tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s tenen en el creixement econ\u00f2mic, la seva fixaci\u00f3 \u00e9s una de les eines de pol\u00edtica monet\u00e0ria principals utilitzada pels bancs centrals. En l&#8217;actualitat, en un entorn d&#8217;alta inflaci\u00f3 generada despr\u00e9s de la pand\u00e8mia i posterior crisi geopol\u00edtica desencadenada per la injusta guerra d&#8217;Ucra\u00efna, i el fre al creixement econ\u00f2mic que genera el conflicte b\u00e8l\u00b7lic, els bancs centrals es debaten entre la pujada de tipus, que frenaria la inflaci\u00f3 per\u00f2 danyaria el creixement econ\u00f2mic, o el manteniment de tipus baixos, que incentiva la inversi\u00f3 per\u00f2, per contra, no frena la inflaci\u00f3, que igualment a mitj\u00e0 termini, en tenir les fam\u00edlies un menor poder adquisitiu, suposar\u00e0 una baixada del consum i conseq\u00fcent fre al creixement econ\u00f2mic. Una decisi\u00f3 dif\u00edcil per als Bancs Centrals en aquest moment.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-36130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DINERO.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"594\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DINERO.jpg 755w, https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DINERO-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/DINERO-300x164@2x.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 594px) 100vw, 594px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FRANCISCO J. TATO JIM\u00c9NEZ.\u00a0Deg\u00e0-president del Col\u00b7legi Professional d\u2019Economistes de Sevilla. El concepte de tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s \u00e9s definit comunament per la comunitat econ\u00f2mica com \u201cel preu dels diners\u201d. D&#8217;aquesta manera, el tipus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s o preu dels diners ser\u00e0 m\u00e9s gran o m\u00e9s petit en funci\u00f3 del risc que assumeixi el \u201cvenedor\u201d en cada operaci\u00f3. \u00c9s a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":36132,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"mc4wp_mailchimp_campaign":[],"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"2","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-715","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"10845","hide":""}},"categories":[10820,10815,10845,10729,7954],"tags":[7393,10568,113,1038,1301,6566],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36134"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36134"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46065,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36134\/revisions\/46065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monempresarial.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}